Who is Rene Descartes - 721 Words

â€Å"No one is born hating another person because of the color of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite (Nelson Mandela)† One of the early modern fathers of philosophy, Rene Descartes, stressed the importance of attaining knowledge through reason (rational thought). Descartes’ times were those of an Enlightenment movement that flourished through Europe in the seventeenth century. Revolutions in France and the United States, which transformed through this movement, altered the way sciences and mathematics were approached. This affected how even philosophy was scrutinized. Rene was an individual of his times. He argued that one couldn’t rely on data derived from sense perceptions. This is since this information cannot be used to infer truths. We must doubt everything. Any belief, believe in doubt. Descarte s argues that we are in a â€Å"systematic deception†. Furthermore, to be certain means to be without complete doubt. We can doubt everything except existence. â€Å"I doubt, therefore I am; I think, therefore I am†. The existence of the mind cannot be doubted, however the existence of the mind is eternal. When thinking is occurring there is a precise entity that is doing this thinking. No action can exist without an outside source. This implies that something or someone must do the thinking. It can be argued that when we doubtShow MoreRelatedEssay about Biography f Rene Descartes864 Words   |  4 PagesRene Descartes was a brilliant man who was born on March 31st, 1596. He was born in a small town in the South of France, named La Haye. Rene Descartes lived from 1596-1650. He was the son of an intellectual councilor in Parliament, named Joachim Descartes. His mother, Jeanne Brochard, died when he was only 1 years old. Rene Descartes was 8 years old when he attended the Jesuit College of Henry VI in La Fleche. Rene studied science, grammar, mathematics and literature which led him to become a famousRead MoreEssay Rene Descartess View on God1300 Words   |  6 PagesRene Descartess View on God      Ã‚  Ã‚   In 1996, songwriter Joan Osborne performed a song called One of Us that was nominated for three Grammy Awards.   What made this song so successful and interesting were the powerful lyrics that basically asked, What if God were a human being?   As she was writing the lyrics to One of Us, she was wondering about God and how the world would be different if God did exist in real life and not just a supernatural force.   You may be asking yourself, What doesRead MoreHow The Mind And Body Are United Based On Rene Descartes Argumentations1523 Words   |  7 Pagesand body are united based on Rene Descartes’ argumentations in The Meditations Of First Philosophy. First, I am going to introduce a few of Descartes’ arguments and his position on the matter. Then, I will pick the most questionable argument and put it up against logical reasoning with evidence. Finally, I am going to conclude how the 17th-century philosopher proposes a fallacious argument which i nterferes with his Cartesian dualism theory. The Position Rene Descartes believed in what is known asRead Moresituation in ethic Essay1383 Words   |  6 Pagesreality, existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind and language.The influences of philosophy and physiology are discover by ancient Greeks such as Aristotle and Plato. In the seventeenth century, Rene Descartes suggested the concept of dualism in which the mind and body exist as two separate entities. Descartes believed that the interaction between mind and body created the experience of reality. Physiology and Philosophy is established under school of psychology and as science separate philosophy theRead MoreThe Life of Rene’ Descartes: His Works and His Beliefs in God1578 Words   |  7 PagesWas Rene’ Descartes just a visionary of truth, mathematical equations or was he truly a man that knew he was born to tell the world about life, knowledge, and how it all came together metaphorically? Please see the research on Rene’ Descartes cited accomplishments. Descartes was known as the first modern philosopher. Famous for making a connection between geometry and algebra, which allowed for solving of geometrical problem by way of algebraic equations, which promoted a new conception of matterRead MoreEssay about Rene Descartes Faith and Reason1292 Words   |  6 PagesRene Descartes Faith and Reason The sixteenth and seventeenth centuries witnessed a colossal transition in the scientific view of the universe. During this period a profound rethinking of scientific theory as well as moral and religious matters took place. Traditional ideas were reconsidered by religious thinkers. Philosophers began applying rational scientific thought to problems that they considered. The main concept of the Scientific Revolution was to question everything. The ScientificRead MoreThe French Philosopher Rene Descartes Essay1068 Words   |  5 PagesFrench Philosopher Rene Descartes The French philosopher Rene Descartes lived from 1596-1650. He was the son of an aristocrat and traveled throughout Europe studying a wide-variety of subjects including math, science, law, medicine, religion, and philosophy. Descartes was greatly influenced by other thinkers of the Age of Enlightenment. Descartes was a rationalistRead MoreA Comparison Of Rene Descartes And The Matrix754 Words   |  4 Pages While similarities exist in all three examples such as someone else controlling our reality, enlightening those who are naà ¯ve about true reality and reactions to enlightenment that exist between the movie The Matrix, the excerpt from Allegory of the Cave by Plato and Meditation I of the Things of Which We May Doubt by Rene Descartes, there is a subtle difference in regards to being informed by others or seeking answers constantly yourself about what is real. The possibility for someone else controllingRead MorePropelling Rational Thought Over Compelling Empiricism1459 Words   |  6 Pages In this paper I intend to examine the rationalist philosophy of Rene Descartes and fundamental empiricism of John Locke’s philosophical arguments, in particular their ideas relating to the science of man, his identity and attempt to explain distinctions between the two. As I lay the framework of my argument it is important to understand the precepts that serve as the underpinning for the views considered by Descartes and Locke respectively. Rationalism and empiricism are two modes of thoughtRead MoreWisdom According to Rene Descartes1240 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent lines and not examining the same thing† Rene’ Descartes pg. (1) â€Å"Discourse on Method† by Rene’ Descartes Wisdom, according to Rene’ Descartes, can be reached when an individual abandons all other influence and challenges the course of their own personal knowledge by seeking supreme understanding. He believed that everybody is capable of wisdom, but to gain it a person must challenge their very own mind. In the book, â€Å"Discourse on Method†, Descartes describes his method for understanding by first

Catcher in the Rye Essay The Importance of Language

The Importance of Language in The Catcher in the Rye J.D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye has captured the spirit of adolescence, dramatizing Holden Caulfields vulgar language and melodramatic reactions. Written as the autobiographical account of a fictional teenage prep school student named Holden Caulfield, The Catcher in the Rye deals with material that is socially scandalous for the time (Gwynn, 1958). As an emotional, intelligent, and sensitive young man, Holden puts his inner world to the test through the sexual mores of his peers and elders, the teachings of his education, and his own emerging sense of self. Throughout the years, the language of the story has startled readers. Salingers control of Holdens easy,†¦show more content†¦Another colloquialism can be seen in the last two examples. Holden has a habit of ending his descriptions with tag phrases such as and all or or anything. (Salzman, 1991). Not only does Holden speak like this in the beginning of the novel, but throughout the book, making this pattern a part of his character. One could imagine Holden frequently ending his sentences with and all, and realize it is a character trait of his, since not all teenagers used that phrase. Therefore, the and all tag to Holdens speech served to make his speech authentic and individual. (Salzman, 1991). Salinger intentionally used such speech patterns to individualize Holden but also to make him a believable teenager of the early 1950s. Another example of how Holdens speech helped define his character is his constant need to confirm his own affirmations, as if even he did not quite believe himself. These confirmations include phrases such as ...if you want to know the truth, or ...it really does. Holden repeats the first phrase several times throughout the novel: I have no wind, if you want to know the truth, Im pacifist, if you want to know the truth, and a variation: She had a lot of sex appeal, too, if you really want to know. In each of the above instances, Holden makes a statement and then feels compelled to clarify that is he is not making itShow MoreRelated Importance of Language in The Catcher in the Rye Essay1711 Words   |  7 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚   The Catcher in the Rye, like many other great works, was met by scornful criticism and unyielding admiration. However, many literary critics also marveled at Salingers use of language, which was used to make Holden Caulfield, the main character, extremely realistic. Such language includes both repetition of phrases and blatant cursing, in order to capture the informal speech of the average, northeastern American adolescent. Through Holdens thoughts and dialogues, Salinger successfully createdRead MoreThe Role Of Women In Catcher In The Rye1013 Words   |  5 Pagesfor your question. My research question is: To what extent does J.D Salinger’s novel Catcher in the Rye explore the range of female potentiality in society through Holden’s interactions, thoughts and comments regarding women. This question is still in progress as I am not sure it can successfully reach and essay of 4000 words. Nevertheless, this is the topic I want to base myself around. Catcher in the Rye is a novel that every sophomore had to read as part of their curriculum. This novel wasRead MoreCatcher in the Rye4413 Words   |  18 PagesThe Catcher in the Rye â€Å"Is The Catcher in the Rye, as a work of literature still relevant for today’s youth?† Name: Sara Sigurdson Course: English A1 Supervisor: Mr. Peter Steadman Word count: 3851 Candidate number: 00136022 Table of Contents Content Page Number Abstract 3 Introduction 4 The Actual Catcher in the Rye 4 The Sexual Matter 5 The Caulfield Family 6 Narrator and Protagonist 8 Role Model 9 Mr. Antolini 10 Targeted Audience 10 Guidance 12 Read MoreEssay Prompts4057 Words   |  17 PagesAP ENGLISH LIT AND COMP FREE RESPONSE QUESTIONS 2004 (Form A): Critic Roland Barthes has said, â€Å"Literature is the question minus the answer.† Choose a novel or play and, considering Barthes’ Observation, write an essay in which you analyze a central question the work raises and the extent to which it offers any answers. Explain how the author’s treatment of this question affects your understanding of the work as a whole. Avoid mere plot summary. You may select a work from the list below or anotherRead MoreLiterary Criticism : The Free Encyclopedia 7351 Words   |  30 Pages(1929)[29] Gone with the Wind, by Margaret Mitchell (1936) Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neale Hurston (1936) Native Son by Richard Wright (1940) A Tree Grows in Brooklyn by Betty Smith (1943) The Green Years by A. J. Cronin (1944) The Catcher in the Rye, by J. D. Salinger (1951)[30] The Voyage of the Dawn Treader (for plot character Eustace Scrubb) by C. S. Lewis (1952) Invisible Man by Ralph Ellison (1952) In the Castle of My Skin, by George Lamming (1953)[31] Goodbye, Columbus, by PhilipRead MoreBelonging Essay4112 Words   |  17 Pagesdiscover the underlying assumptions contained in texts deconstruct the representation of belonging - people, relationships, ideas as well as the places, events and societies, by different composers through their use of language modes, forms, and their relevant structural forms and language features engage personally with their texts and draw on their own experience make connections to their perceptions of the world and the worlds represented in the texts. Waverley Library database Log on to the databaseRead MoreChildrens Literature13219 Words   |  53 Pages35 The Victorians: The Golden Age 36 Twentieth Century: Widening Worlds 38 9. Bibliography 38 1. Introduction In 1817 Robert Bloomfield, author of The History of Little Davy’s New Hat, wrote: ‘The longer I live †¦ the more I am convinced of the importance of children’s books.’ That similar statements are still being made two hundred years later shows us how much children’s books have always had to prove in England. And it has been harder still for children’s fantasy, since it supposedly goes against

Ethics in Journalism Essay Example For Students

Ethics in Journalism Essay Nancy Durham is a freelance video journalist for CBC, cable news, and British Channel 4, to name a few. Her journalistic objective is to make viewers care about ordinary people trapped in wars. While investigating the Balkan area, she met an 18 year old girl named Rajmonda that was recovering in a hospital from the trauma of seeing her sister, Quendressa, killed in a Serb attack. She expressed to Durham how she was thinking about joining the KLA. By the request of the news stations, Durham returns to KLA headquarters to do a set of follow-ups on Rajmonda. This is how Durham finds that Rajmonda not only lied and was already a member of the KLA before she met the reporter, but her sister is in fact alive and well. Nancy Durhams story had been reported in three different countries and more than once. How could she effectively remain a credible journalist while still holding her vow to help those trapped in war? Should Nancy run(ignore the fact that her story is false) or should she stay and face it? See Nancy run. Nancy Durham can now be accused of deceiving the public and fabricating the facts, even if it was mainly Rajmondas abuse of the publicity she granted to her. She has a duty as a journalist to truth in reporting, which defines the lack of accuracy and research in her depiction of war in the Balkan area. Nancy Durham could completely ignore the mistakes she made in hopes that it would fall out of the news. But then she would be constantly worried that interested news stations would appoint another journalist to follow-up on her story, hence, exposing her inaccuracies. See Nancy fall. Her fleeing of the dilemma, could be the very thing that signifies her guilt and lack of honesty. German philosopher Immanuel Kant, a believer in truth for truth, would say that the masses have a right to know that they have been deceived by the journalists lack of research and the lies of the subject involved, regardless of the consequences it may bring. In this case, the consequences are Nancy Durhams reputation, which has been regarded with great respect up until this point, and the audiences view of the severity of the war. The audience may lose sympathy for the people hurt by the war in finding that Rajmonda exaggerated her story to gain On the other side of the spectrum, teleologist John Stuart Mill, views the consequences as a vital importance if it is for the greater good. The consequences in this situation, being lack of support for a worthy cause, could do damage to many of the families living with the war. They would not be considered reputable and their pain and suffering would therefore be undermined by the lies of one KLA solider. Mills goal would be to minimize harm for the larger number of people, which is, in the end, these families. In weighing what your decision would be if enthralled in this dilemma, a good view to consider would be that of ethicist Sessila Bok. She believes that although truthfulness does not make a lie right, it may have been necessary in certain situations. For example, Rajomonda may have not lost her sister in the war, but in fact, she witnessed many people lose family members. She saw their pain and they became her family, as she states in one encounter with Durham. She had the opportunity to tell their stories and possibly gain support for them, so she took the chance that had been given to her. She took this opening for the good of her country. Ultimately, ethicist Bok believes that every reporter should be given the chance to speak their side of the story and justify why they themselves or their subjects may have stretched the truth. As integrity is important in any profession, it is essential in journalism. Nancy Durham must admit her work was not properly researched. The Human Genome Project Essay Thesis However, to lie on the applications is not a valid action. Many of those undercover reporters were at .

Planet Earth free essay sample

If the planet earth continues on the path that it is headed for, it is predicted that between 2020 and 2029 that we will reach our maximum carrying capability for humans. In 1960 the human population was roughly 3 billion, since then it has more then doubled to 6. 8 billion and is still rapidly growing. Humans add 1. 5 million people to this earth every week. There are 4 main causes for the overpopulation of earth; decline in death rate, increase in birth rate, migration and lack of education. With our medicine and technology as proficient as it is today there are far less deaths due to disease and injury than there was 200 years ago. Our technology has enabled us to create many vaccines, cures and comforts for those in need, and as a result people are living longer and healthier lives then ever before. This is a great thing, but without controls on our birth rate our planet cant sustain all these people who once would have died. We will write a custom essay sample on Planet Earth or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Additionally, we have had an increase in births; so the death to birth ratio is disproportionate. Religion has helped increase the birth rates with pro life and anti birth control beliefs around the globe. By circulating these beliefs, less people are having abortions and not using birth control which results in a population increase. Up until recently people who lived in poverty had always had a large number of kids because the chance of a childs survival was slim, so having more kids increased their chance of passing their genes on. Now these people are still having a lot of babies but with our technology today the babies are surviving, so these families cant sustain life where they live so they chose to move to locations with more opportunities. Another leading cause of over population is migration; one of the biggest reasons for someone to migrate is to provide a better life for themselves and their family. This is causing many issues because the financial and tax systems can only handle a certain amount of people. When the systems become overcrowded, people experience food and water shortages and negative affects on educational opportunities provided for the young because there may not be enough resources for all the citizens and the people who just migrated there legally or illegally. If a population isnt adequately educated then they dont understand the concept of overpopulation and how crucial it is to not reach the carrying capability. The uneducated know little of controlling a population and planning a family. Since they dont know have much knowledge on this topic they will keep having large families since they dont know the consequences. If over population continues, it will have damaging effects to everything on this earth. Over population is the basis of most problems we face world wide today; such as global climate change and World famine. Right now there are more people than our mother earth is used to. We are exterminating a huge producer of our oxygen by vigorously cutting down our trees. Lumber companies are buying up land in rainforests such as Brazil, Peru and Columbia, than tearing apart the forests to fulfill the growing demand for wood. As the demand for wood increases due to over population so does all of the earths other resources. Food and water is becoming scarcer which is a necessity for all life. There is millions of starving people in the world and this will only increase if there arent any drastic changes. Although the last time there was a decrease in world population was because of the black plague if properly enforced an ideal solution could be to limit the amount of children a couple can have. If each couple is limited to having 2 children, one to replace each parent after about 50 years this along with other precautions should help decrease the population because many people are infertile. On a global scale each country should be responsible to enforce this problem by educating the citizens on how to properly plan a family and supply them with birth control. A possible punishment for having an extra child could be a fine that can go to support this project along with not giving the family any financial aid for the child. For those countries who would not be able to support such a project the World powers could help cover these costs, although expensive this solution has the possibility of increasing the life quality for not only humans but all the inhabitants on earth.